https://www.asrq.ir/ Army Strategic Research en daily 1 Mon, 16 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0330 Mon, 16 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0330 https://www.asrq.ir/article_243976.html Human resources are considered the most valuable asset of any country, and the survival of an organization largely depends on this valuable force.On the other hand, with the increasing complexity of today's world, retaining human resources has become more important and necessary than ever before, and the efficiency and dynamism of systems largely depends on this issue.Since the basis for action in the country's administrative sphere is the general policies of the system, as well as the general policies of the administrative system, issued by the Supreme Leader (the Supreme Leader).Therefore, in this study, we decided to analyze the concept of maintenance in the thought of the Supreme Leader. This study was conducted with the aim of compiling and explaining the model of maintenance in the thought of the Supreme Leader (the Supreme Leader), and in this regard, all of his statements were coded with the keywords maintenance, preservation and maintenance, human resources of employees, migration abroad and maintenance, care and review, and statements related to the subject using the method of content analysis.The method used in this research is qualitative in terms of the nature of the data, applied in terms of the purpose, and document review in terms of data collection. The result of this research is a survey of the protection pattern in human resource maintenance from the perspective of the Supreme Leader (Supreme Leader). https://www.asrq.ir/article_243977.html The Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran, as the main defender of the territorial integrity of Islamic Iran, has the duty to defend the vital and fundamental interests and values of the nation and the country. Therefore, efficient defense requires effective military learning in the army with a joint operations approach. For this purpose, the present study entitled "Providing a desirable and effective organizational culture model of the AJA in the formation of a joint force" has been implemented. The main issue in this study is the lack of an organizational culture model of the AJA in the formation of a joint force.This study focuses on the specific issue of the organizational culture of the AJA joint force, therefore the method used is a descriptive-analytical method with a mixed approach and the sample population is estimated to include 90 people.The analysis of information and data obtained from the study of sources was carried out using the Student's t-test and SPSS software. The EJA organizational culture model for forming a joint force and planning and directing joint operations has been presented with 3 dimensions: "individual work culture, group work culture, and team work culture", 11 components, and 95 indicators. https://www.asrq.ir/article_243978.html Although the word "war" has a frightening appearance, in some cases it has a positive value and takes on an aura of holiness; because in some cases, human life and other creature survives through war with natural or human destructive factors, its laws and related matters have occupied the human mind in different periods of history. Therefore, this research aims to examine and explain the laws of war in international law in order to reduce the legal challenges of the army.This research is an applied in terms of purpose and a descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The tool for collecting information is a library study, and in this regard, existing books and articles in the field of war and international conflicts were reviewed and analyzed. The method of analyzing information was systematic, and finally, the sources of the laws of war in international law were identified. Explaining the characteristics of a lawful combatant in international law, determining military targets in international law, describing the characteristics of weapons in international law, identifying and classifying protected groups in international law, and explaining war crimes in international law are among the most important findings of the present research.The results of the research showed that the law of conflict should be developed as a cross-specialization course for commanders of operational units, a publication should be developed for this subject, and commanders and personnel of operational specialties should be trained in the course. https://www.asrq.ir/article_243980.html Abstract:Objective: Considering the importance and position of submarines and the importance of the need to improve the combat capability of submarines in order to succeed in the naval battlefield, the equipment factor plays an influential role in victory in the battlefield. Accordingly, Methodology: The research method used in this study is classified in the field of research and development in terms of purpose, because the purpose of the research is to determine and evaluate the strategic factors of the external and internal environment affecting the strategies for improving the combat capability of the Nedaja subsurface vessels in the field of equipment, considering the existing conditions and requirements.The data collection method was mixed, which in the qualitative part is the theoretical sampling method, which means that the sampling is voluntary and not random. The data collection tool is an in-depth interview with a group of thirteen specialists and experts who had sufficient knowledge of the subject under study, and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire, and the statistical sample was 59.Findings: Five opportunities, ten strengths, nine threats, and twelve weaknesses were identified out of 36 factors, and two strategies were presented.Conclusion: After identifying internal and external factors, two strategies were developed, which included the design and production of advanced indigenous systems for the purpose of immunity and emerging countermeasures in subsurface warfare and the integration of knowledge and research structures and systems.Keywords: Strategy, Subsurface Warfare Capability, https://www.asrq.ir/article_243981.html In today's world, a professional army has become a necessity for all countries. The concept of a professional army is generally used to describe an army that is composed mainly of professional military personnel as opposed to conscripts. With the end of the Cold War, maintaining mass armies based on conscription became much less important. Global social and political changes with the rapid development of technology led to the emergence of a new generation of military tools and methods. This doubled the necessity of moving towards professional armies. The aim of the present study is to examine the manner and status of conscription in different countries of the world, and to provide frameworks and suggestions for improving and optimizing the processes of conscription and moving towards the establishment of a professional army in the country. According to the research findings, the world's leading military powers such as the United States, China, Russia, and the European Union have moved from the conscription military model to professional armies in recent years. The professionalization of armies has also been accompanied by an increase in military budgets, improved professional military training, the use of new technical equipment, standardization of recruitment methods, simplification of organizational processes, better salaries and benefits, and the promotion of the status of women in the army. The research method is descriptive-analytical using library resources and questionnaire tools. https://www.asrq.ir/article_243984.html Objective: To identify the key components and variables in the performance evaluation of universities and military educational institutions of the Islamic Republic of Iran.Methodology: This study employed a meta-analysis approach. The statistical population consisted of articles and theses related to the performance evaluation of universities and military educational institutions of the Islamic Republic of Iran conducted between 2001 and 2024. Out of 182 studies, 24 articles were selected for meta-analysis, and among these, 18 studies were chosen to calculate the effect size. The effect size was estimated using Cohen's d formula with the CMA software.Findings: Through effect size analysis, 13 essential performance evaluation components for universities and military educational institutions, along with 169 variables for assessing these components, were identified. Among these variables, based on their effect size, the ranking is as follows: Knowledge Management (3.67), Research (3.38), Financial (3.19), Student Affairs (2.30), Infrastructure (2.21), Technological Collaboration Development (2.20), Educational Performance (1.93), Alumni (1.89), Faculty Members (1.86), University Management and Leadership (1.35), Organizational Development (1.29), Cultural-Educational (1.1)—all classified with a high effect size, while Human Resources (0.74) falls within the medium effect size category.Conclusion: The research results indicate that enhancing the performance of military universities requires the smartization of education through artificial intelligence and simulators, strengthening knowledge management through documentation and comprehensive research, expanding technological collaborations with knowledge-based companies, reforming the evaluation system with multidimensional models using data mining techniques, and developing military research through a research roadmap and support for interdisciplinary studies.