In recent decades, Iran has experienced significant demographic transformations, most notably a decline in fertility rates below the replacement level. This phenomenon has altered the age structure of the population and created challenges in social, economic, cultural, and even political spheres. The reduction in fertility has decreased the proportion of young people and accelerated the process of population aging. This trend has prompted policymakers and planners to develop strategies aimed at increasing fertility and supporting families. The population of any country is considered its greatest asset and source of power, and youth are the main drivers of development and social change; thus, the period of youth is referred to as the “compressed period of demographic events.” The persistent decline in fertility and the emergence of the “low fertility trap” are largely attributed to profound changes in societal values and perspectives—a phenomenon known as the “second demographic transition,” which reflects a shift toward post-materialist and individualistic values. While Iran’s population maintained a youthful structure until the 1980s, from the mid-1990s onward, it gradually moved out of this phase, with signs of aging becoming apparent. This study, through the analysis of demographic data from Iran and the world and a review of reputable scientific sources, examines the ontology and nature of youthfulness in the population—its essence, rationale, and modality—and elucidates its implications for the country’s future
The population of Iran in 1345-65 had a young structure, but the changes in fertility and mortality rates caused changes in the age structure.
In this study, Iran's demographic changes and transition stages compared to other countries, using the secondary analysis method of statistics and demographic information of different continents of the world and Iran and documentary method by referring to valid scientific research articles, and what, why and how the youth of the population has been studied and evaluated.