In today's world, a professional army has become a necessity for all countries. The concept of a professional army is generally used to describe an army that is composed mainly of professional military personnel as opposed to conscripts. With the end of the Cold War, maintaining mass armies based on conscription became much less important. Global social and political changes with the rapid development of technology led to the emergence of a new generation of military tools and methods. This doubled the necessity of moving towards professional armies. The aim of the present study is to examine the manner and status of conscription in different countries of the world, and to provide frameworks and suggestions for improving and optimizing the processes of conscription and moving towards the establishment of a professional army in the country. According to the research findings, the world's leading military powers such as the United States, China, Russia, and the European Union have moved from the conscription military model to professional armies in recent years. The professionalization of armies has also been accompanied by an increase in military budgets, improved professional military training, the use of new technical equipment, standardization of recruitment methods, simplification of organizational processes, better salaries and benefits, and the promotion of the status of women in the army. The research method is descriptive-analytical using library resources and questionnaire tools.